Reference styles

There are several different styles of referencing A P A(American Psychological Association) is used by Education, Psychology and Sciences.M L A( Modern Language Association) style is used by the Chicago/Turbine style is generally used by Business, History and the Fine arts

Reference style A P A

A P A is an 'author/date' system.It is a writing style and format for academic documents such as scholarly journal articles and books.It consists of the author (s), surname and year of publication and use round brackets..Eg :(Smith &  Bruce,2018)

Table 1 : Example of Book format

Format	Example
Author (s)	Smith & Bruce
Year	2018
,	Add a comma between Author (s) and year
( )	Use round brackets

Characteristics of A P A Style citations

A P A style is complex, only a sample of citation and reference formats can be listed here.

1.       In - text citations

A P A style uses an author - date reference citation system in the text with an accompanying reference list. There in narrative citation and parenthetical citation.                          

2.   Reference List

In the A P A reference list,the writer should provide the author,year,title and source of the 

cited work in an alphabetical list of references.If a reference is not cited in the text, it should
not be included in the reference list. The reference format depending up on the document type. But broadly Speaking always follows the same pattern of author,date,title, source.

Table  2  Examples of References

Reference type	Example
Book	Shay,T(1994). Achilles in Vietnam; Combat trauma
Web page	Poland, D  (1998, October 26 ); The hot button Rough Cut. Retrieved October 28, 1998 from http://www.roughcut.com
A newspaper article	Tommasini, A (1996. October 27 ) Master Teachers whose artistry glows in private. New York Times - P . 32
Article in a magazine	Kelvin, J. (1998, October 5 ). Dizzy days.The New York,40 - 50
A source with no known author	Cigarette sales fall 30% as California tax rises. (1999, September 14 ). New York Times, p .A 17

 Image from an Electronic Source

·         Creator's name (author , artist , photographer...etc.

·         Date of the work was published or created.

·         Title of the work.

·         Place of publication.

·         Publisher

·         Type of material ( for photographs,charts, online images )

·         Website address and access date.

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Reference style wps office (2) from GopikaPG8